The Tropical Rainforest of Malaysia- Sarawak - 5131 Words

UGB 224E Natural Wonders of the World Term paper The Tropical Rainforest of Malaysia – Sarawak Introduction As we all know that deforestation sharply accelerated in these decades, more and more forests disappeared. Environmentally, it causes global warming, soil erosion, decline in biodiversity, degraded ecosystem and water- cycle.[1] Economically and ethically, the deforestation caused by logging and commercial agriculture by the developed countries, like the U.S. The people in developing countries lose their long term profits when the rainforests disappear.[2] In our opinion, it is unfair for the developing countries to lose their long-term income and the biodiversity of the forests in order to satisfy the needs and the high living†¦show more content†¦Sabah and Sarawak, the two Malaysian states on the island of Borneo, occupy some of the oldest and the most diverse rain forest in the world. Increasing wood is logged in Sarawak. Malaysias deforestation rate has the highest rate among the Asian country, According to figures from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Malaysias annual deforestation rate increased almost 86 percent between the 1990-2000 period and 2000-2005. It is estimated that Malaysia lost an average of 140,200 hectares—0.65 percent of its forest area—per year since 2000. For comparison, the Southeast Asian country lost an average of 78,500 hectares, or 0.35 percent of its forests, annually during the 1990s.[8] More and more primary forest is logged. Until 1945, logging in Sarawak was confined to the swamp forests along the coast. The development of chainsaws, skidders, bulldozers and trucks made the forest more accessible, and opened up the interior to loggers. The primary rainforest is still a riddle to people nowadays; it is estimate that only one percent of the rainforest plants have been tested for medicine, whereas around 25% of modern medicine was made from rainforest plants. [9]Someone has said before, we may know Mars, Moon even more than these relatively small piece of land. TheShow MoreRelatedMalaysia in the 1990s1263 Words   |  6 PagesMalaysia in the 1990s: Case Analysis Decision analysis: What is the best strategy for the Malaysian government moving forward? This decision can only be made after the country’s current strategy and how well it works is analyzed. Adopt the view of the Prime Minister. Consider the character’s strengths, responsibilities, and blind spots. Why is the Prime Minister in this dilemma? 1. Are the charges of the environmental groups true? Yes. Based on the information in the case, timber harvestingRead MoreForms of Tourism4598 Words   |  19 PagesTOURISM – TYPES OF TOURISM Tourism Malaysia (2005) (the organisation which involves in promoting tourism in Malaysia) has classified the types of tourism in Malaysia to: †¢ Island life †¢ Adventures †¢ Cultural heritage †¢ City excitement ISLAND LIFE †¢ Truly inspiring - In the heart of Asia lies some of the most beautiful beaches in the world. With infinite carpets of sparkling white sand that stretches for miles and miles, and crystal clear waters around exotic tropical islands. †¢ Truly inviting - TakeRead MoreSabah Malaysia tourism Essay3497 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿INTRODUCTION (OVERWIEW) Situated on the beautiful island of Borneo, Sabah is one of the thirteen states which Malaysia is made of. Sabah is the second largest state in Malaysia and shares the island of Borneo with Sarawak, Brunei, and Indonesian Kalimantan. Sabah is richly blessed with nature diversity, unique cultures, fun adventure, beautiful beaches, and fantastic cuisines for the adventurous taste buds. We have it all, from the world’s largest flower - the Rafflesia, one of the highest mountainsRead MoreIntroduction to Tourism Destination Planning Development2120 Words   |  9 Pagesand host region, such as the erosion of the region’s cultural identity as well as the destruction of landscapes. Malaysia is situated in Southeast Asia and consists of 13 states and 3 federal territories, separated by the South China Sea. 11 of Malaysia’s states are located in Peninsular Malaysia and 2 in east Malaysia, situated on the island of Borneo. The capital city of Malaysia is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government and Iskandar is known as the administrativeRead MoreTourism in Thailand2883 Words   |  12 Pagesinternationally was  Amazing Thailand, but, in reaction to the 2009 tourism crisis, it was relaunched as  Amazing Thailand, Amazing Value.[24] Thailand offers a great variety of attractions. These include  diving sites, sandy beaches,  hundreds of tropical islands, varied night-life, archaeological sites, museums,  hill tribes, exceptional flora and bird life, palaces, a huge amount of  Buddhist temples  and several  World Heritage  sites. Many tourists follow courses during their stay in Thailand. PopularRead MoreEssay Desertification And Deforestation5662 Words   |  23 PagesDesertification And Deforestation The Amazon Rainforest is probably the most important region that is threatened by deforestation. With over four million squared kilometers it is roughly the size of the United States. The Amazon spreads across nine South American Countries and contains one-fifth of the Worlds fresh water and one-third of the known living species. The land is home to hundreds of indigenous groups and is considered by many to be â€Å"the lungs of the planet†. MostRead More SWOT Analysis of Sime Darby Company in Indonesia, Malaysia1975 Words   |  8 Pages (Sime Darby Online, 2014) These three entities merged in November 2007 to form the Sime Darby (SD) that it is today. SD is a Malaysia-based multinational conglomerate comprising of five core businesses: plantations, property, motors, industrial and energy utilities, with operations in more than 20 countries. It is one of the largest companies listed in Bursa Malaysia and has a market capitalisation of RM 56.97 billion (USD 17.54 billion) as at 6 May 2014. (Sime Darby Online, 2014) Sime DarbyRead MoreThe Tourism Industry in Malaysia3987 Words   |  16 PagesINTRODUCTION Malaysia has long been one of the world’s best kept tourism secrets. It is an ideal tourism destination in so many different respects as it offers a wide range of diverse attraction to suit all tastes and most importantly, at relatively affordable prices. Figure 1: Map of Malaysia Lying just north of the equator, Malaysia is located at the south of Cambodia and Vietnam and north of Singapore and Indonesia. More than one thousand islands are part of Malaysia with some 38 designatedRead MoreMass Media in Malaysia5539 Words   |  23 Pagesprincipally defines what we look as the real world, even though those images often differ from the ones that the larger society experiences (Schaefer, 2012). Up next, these three major concepts will be discussed in more detail with some cases in Malaysia. Body a) Malaysian government does not employ any known filtering technology to actively block websites, though the authorities have engaged other methods to limit the circulation of some information. A provision of the CMA explicitly states that

Questions On Public Financial Management System Essay

NAME: Tapera Munyavhi REG. NUMBER: R123729T DEPARTMENT: Accounting MODULE: Public Sector Accounting MODE OF ENTRY: Visiting LEVEL: 4.1 LECTURER: Ms Nyamwanza ASSIGNMENT â€Å"The civil service and government subscribe to a different code of ethics than the rest of us† Critically discuss this statement with reference to the Zimbabwean public financial management system. [25] The civil service is those branches of public service concerned with all government administrations outside the armed services. Public financial management is defined by The Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA) as â€Å"the system by which financial management resources are planned, directed and controlled to enable and influence the efficient and effective delivery of public service goals†. Public Financial Management system is a system that oversees the nature and functions of public institutions that are concerned with the sourcing, collection, custody, allocation, supply reporting and control of public moneys. According to Jowett (1998), a code of ethics is a written set of guidelines issued by an organization to its workers and management to help them conduct their actions in accordance with its primary values and ethical standards. The codes of ethics that the government subscribes to are the laws that are put in place to direct the management of public funds. 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Understanding Poetry Free Essays

string(100) " is seen as one, whose deep devotion and dedication to her son make her transcend her difficulties\." Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 1 Note to Teachers Set Poems 2012-2014 Teachers have been speaking about the lack of critical material on some of the literature set pieces (particularly the poems) selected for study at the Caribbean O’Level. Diverse interpretations make an exploration of literary material interesting and expansive. This guide to the study of ‘set’ poems is a response to those who wish to be expansive in their analysis and appreciation. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is not intended to be a model commentary but an analysis or interpretation that will stimulate further discussion and analysis. Some poems are treated with questions. This approach helps to elucidate the central themes or ideas in the poems. This is a cost free publication offered to teachers. Prepared by Clifford Narinesingh co – author of A Comprehensive English Course , Books 1-3 and CXC English A. and author of Developing Language Skills Books 1,2,3, and CSEC Exam Book 4 A Royards Publishing Company Project This is a free publication and not intended for resale 2 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry UNDERSTANDING AND APPRECIATING POETRY DULCE et DECORUM EST Theme: The theme of the poem is the subject with which the poet deals. It is the central idea around which the event or experiences revolve. In this poem, the central idea is the â€Å"horrors of war†. The ghastly image of war, the torture to which soldiers are subjected, reflect the theme – â€Å"the haunting flares†, â€Å"gas shells dropping† â€Å"froth corrupted lungs† are evidence of the atrocities of war. INTENTION OF THE POET What does the poet hope to achieve? The poet here, wishes to convey a universal message to the reader, that one should not believe that it is noble to die for one’s country, because of the untold miseries which soldiers experience. To the poet, neither fame nor glory can compensate for the immense suffering that war inflicts on humanity. MOOD The mood conveyed in the poem is one of anger, revulsion and disgust. The impact of the incident in which the soldier is caught in an explosion and the agony he suffers is one of loathing and revulsion. â€Å"I saw him drowning† â€Å"guttering, choking, drowning† shows the immense suffering of a dying soldier. This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry THE MAIN INCIDENT The traumatic experience of a soldier who is caught in a sudden explosion while returning to his camp. 3 IMAGERY The poet achieves his purpose or intention through his use of intense language and vivid imagery. These are the similes used by the poet to make the images interesting and meaningful. 1. â€Å"Bent double, like old beggars under sacks. † Here the soldiers returning from the battle field look like old beggars, bent with age and exhaustion, carrying their sacks on their backs. The comparison is appropriate as it appeals to the visual sense and brings the readers face to face with the exhausted soldiers. 2. â€Å"knock-kneed, coughing like hags† The image of the knock-kneed soldiers coughing like hags, shows the terrible effect of the smell of gun powder, and gun shots. It appeals to the auditory sense and reminds the reader of the sounds of old people coughing. 3. â€Å"And floundering like a man in fire or lime† The image presents the soldier in a state of panic, unable to move in any fixed direction as he is trapped in the fire. The reader can see the movements of the soldier, like a blind man floundering and fumbling to find his way. 4. His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin† The comparison vividly describes the look of the soldier in agony and pain during the final moments of his death. LANGUAGE OF THE POEM These are some examples of the poet’s use of emotive and intense language â€Å"We cursed through sludge† â€Å"limped on blood-shod This is a free publication and not intended for resale 4 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry â€Å"Drunk with fatigue† â€Å"He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning† â€Å"White eyes writhing in his face† â€Å"Froth-corrupted lungs† The language used is both appropriate and effective and evokes the sympathy of the reader. THIS IS THE DARK TIME, MY LOVE The theme of this poem is about a people whose dreams of a better life have been threatened by the destructive power of the ‘strange invader’. The atmosphere of the poem is one of tension, fear, anxiety. â€Å"Everywhere the faces of men are strained and anxious. † This is because of the presence of soldiers: â€Å"all around the land brown beetles crawl about. † Even nature is sympathetic to the cause of the people as expressed in the line â€Å"red flowers bend their heads in awful sorrow. † The poet’s mood is one of lamentation for the misery of his people, the instability and sorrow brought about by the strange invader. Imagery: The images appeal to the sense of sight and sound. They present visual pictures that are striking. The picture of the soldiers, â€Å"all around the land brown beetles crawl about†, in their thick armoury, the hard covering on their backs is like beetles. Here you hear the tramping of soldiers â€Å"whose boots of steel tramp down the slender grass†. You can also see the slender grass trampled upon and looking withered. This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry Figurative Language Metaphor: All around the land brown beetles crawl about. † 5 The soldiers are compared to brown beetles. Personification: â€Å"Red flowers bend their heads in awful sorrow. † The poet gives the flower qualities of a human being – the emotion of sorrow. Irony: â€Å"It is the festival of guns, the carnival of misery. † The words â€Å"festival† and â€Å"carnival† are indicative of joyous celebrations but what the country is really experiencing is sorrow, not joy. The Woman Speaks to the Man who has employed Her Son In this poem, a mother expresses her deep affection for her son. She reflects on the unfortunate circumstances of her life as a single parent. She is now concerned about the welfare of her son. This woman is seen as one, whose deep devotion and dedication to her son make her transcend her difficulties. You read "Understanding Poetry" in category "Essay examples" Her responsibility to her son takes priority. But what shatters her now, is the fact that her son is employed by someone who appears to be engaged in shady activities. To her, the gun he carries is a symbol of destructiveness and criminal activities. The conversational style of the poem makes the reader empathize with the thoughts and feelings of the mother. The reader discerns in the mother, fortitude, resilience and spiritual strength which inform her actions. 1. What is the theme of the poem? . The mood of the poem is one of (a) disgust and anger (b) optimism and hope (c) sadness and despair This is a free publication and not intended for resale 6 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 3. Which of these words describe the tone of the poem? formal, conversational, angry, serious? 4. What do the lines â€Å"a metal lic tide, rising in her mouth each morning† suggest about the mother? 5. â€Å"He treated all his children With equal and unbiased indifference. † What do the above lines suggest about the father? 6. Why do you think that the mother is upset about the job her son has taken? 7. What do the â€Å"black cloth† and â€Å"veiled hat† symbolize? 8. Select the line which expresses the mother’s helplessness. 9. Why does she allude to the â€Å"thief on the left side of the cross†? 10. How do you feel as you read the poem? GOD’S GRANDEUR The poem is expressive of God’s presence in the natural world even though man’s exploits have served to destroy nature and its freshness and purity. To the poet, God’s grandeur is ever pervasive, revealing itself like ‘flame from shook foil’. The word ‘flame’ is significant as it conveys the brilliance of God as the shining light the foil gives off. The poet employs the image of an electric charge, which develops into a flame or a light suggesting the power of His greatness. God’s light assumes a richness like the ‘ooze of oil crushed’ or pressed to it finest quality. As the oil gathers strength to richness so too does God’s greatness. The images are all interwoven and expanded to express the grandeur of God. In stanza 2, though man is aware of God’s greatness, he still exploits it through commerce and industrialization, blemishing the earth and destroying the freshness of nature. The repetition, ‘generations have trod, have trod, have trod’ conveys man’s persistence in his ruthless exploitation. The persistent repetition of the words ‘have trod’ leading to ‘smeared and bleared’, tells of the poet’s resentment and This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry disgust at man’s actions. ‘Man’s smudge’ and ‘smell’ are expressive of a polluted and squalid environment, all due to man’s uncaring attitude. Unthinking man cares not about the destruction he leaves; he seems not aware of what he has done to nature as expressed in the words ‘nor can foot feel being shod. The natural sensation of walking barefooted is lost. The language of stanza one (1) lines 5-8, reveals a protest against man’s ruthlessness. The poet reacts to man’s inhumanity and indignity with reasoned calmness, a protest without rage or anger for he is consoled by nature’s presence as described in stanza two (2). In stanza two(2), the poet tells that God’s presence or power through nature is renewable and invigorating in spite of man’s destructive nature. Nature is described as indestructible or inexhaustible. â€Å"For all this, nature is never spent There lives a dearest freshness deep down things. The poem ends on a positive note, an assurance that springs from the poet’s faith as he is convinced of the Holy Ghost’s presence with vitality and life and all that is luminous, â€Å"warm breath and bright wings† 7 GOD’S GRANDEUR 1. Using your own words, express in about two to three lines the theme of the poem. 2. State the central contrast which this poem presents between God and man. Explain it fully with reference to specific details. 3. Select one metaphor used in the poem and show how it is expanded. 4. Explain in your own words the meaning of the following lin es. (a) Why do men now not reck his rod? b) And for all this, nature is never spent. 5. The poet uses the following devices. Select one example of each and comment on its effectiveness: (a) simile (b) alliteration (c) compression (d) repetition This is a free publication and not intended for resale 8 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry ORCHIDS In this poem, the writer is about to relocate and is sending her material belongings â€Å"to fill the empty spaces of her future life†. One thing that cannot be boxed is the sentiment she feels for the orchids. The orchids belong to her emotional and spiritual world. The purple colour is a symbol of the blood of Christ on the Cross. What is evident in the poem is that some experiences in life can never be forgotten. Even though you may wish to suppress them, like a stubborn orchid, they bloom and blossom. For the poet, the orchid is an inspiration to the creative instinct. It sends a message, tells a story that reaches poetic dimensions. Even though the pressed orchids become â€Å"thin and dried transparency†, she believes that they still are a stimulus for poetic thought. In the poem, the material world is pitted against the world of nature. The world of nature is constant and eternal. 1. What is the theme of the poem? a) relocating to a new home (b) nurturing a spray of orchids (c) the poet’s impression of the orchids 2. What is the mood of the poem? 3. From where did the poet get the orchids? 4. What effect have the purple petals on the poet? 6. What was peculiar about the orchids? 7. (a) Explain the meaning of â€Å"their thin dried transparency†. (b) Of what value is the â€Å"thin dr ied transparency† to the poet? This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 9 SOUTH Motivated by a deep sense of longing to return to the islands, the poet recaptures in his memory delightful scenes of his native land. He recalls the bright beaches, the fishermen’s houses and the sound of the sea which heralded his birth. The poet has journeyed from the islands to distant lands where his experiences have been different from those in the islands. He has visited stormy cities, felt the sharp slanting sleet and hail and the oppressive shadows of the forest. These are opposed to the warmth of the islands, and the salty brine of the sea. To the poet, the ocean that surrounds the islands is a symbol of adventure, the freedom of the spirit and the limitless possibilities which reside in its vastness. In his view, the rivers that form part of his present environs remind him of a life that lacks purpose – he feels resentment for the rivers. He recalls the refreshing memories of the sea which reflect the harmony between man and nature. He sees the shells, the fishermen’s houses, the pebbled path, the fish and the gulls and the white sails. These are the treasures of the islands which he recaptures in the poem. These are the treasures which make him forget the pains, the sorrows and the hatred. 1. 2. 3. State briefly what the poem is about. Where is the experience taking place? Select two images in the poem. To which sense does each appeal? 4. 5. Select those expressions which show the poet’s experiences of hardship. Which literary device does the poet use in each of the following? ‘bright beaches blue’ ‘sharp slanting sleet’ ‘their flowing runs on like our longing’ ‘splash’ ‘white sails slanted seaward’ 6. What is the mood or feeling of the poet? This is a free publication and not intended for resale 10 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry EPITAPH, DREAMING BLACK BOY, THEME for ENGLISH B. The poems ‘Epitaph’, ‘Dreaming Black Boy’ and ‘Theme for English B’ have similar themes. They express discrimination and intolerance in human relationships and reflect the denial of the basic human rights of recognition, justice, equality and freedom. The three poems are treated differently. You will observe that in the poem â€Å"Epitaph† the image is vivid, stark and gruesome. Amidst the beauty of the â€Å"falling sunlight† and the swaying cane†, the dead body of the slave hung. The image evokes in the reader anger against human brutality and compassion for the fate of the slave. Through the sad tale, the poet achieves his intention of giving the reader insights into the brutality meted out to slaves in their days of enslavement. The poem is a tribute to the dead slave, and is melancholic in mood and tone. Epitaph 1. Describe the image presented in stanza one of the poem. 2. Which of the following best defines the feelings evoked by the image? (a) elation and despair (b) compassion and anger (c) hatred and defeat (d) disappointment and disbelief 3. Identify words and expressions which describe the morning’s atmosphere. 4. The poet compares the swinging body to â€Å"a black apostrophe to pain†, most likely because â€Å"the swung body† (a) resembled an apostrophe mark. (b) was prominently positioned as a mark symbolizing pain. c) was at the heart of two elements. (d) was the cause of much agony and pain. This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 5. Explain the meaning of each of the following expressions: (a) punctuate our island tale (b) brutal sentences (c) anger pauses till they pass away 6. Do you think that the title of the poem is a ppropriate? Give a reason to support your answer. 7. Which of the following best expresses the theme of the poem? (a) a sorrowful tale (b) man’s inhumanity to man (c) victory and defeat (d) a blot on our history 8. What is the mood experienced throughout the poem? 11 Dreaming Black Boy In the poem ‘Dreaming Black Boy’, the boy expresses his thoughts and emotions in abstract images. He dreams and wishes for the rights that should be accorded to all human beings – recognition and love, and the freedom of movement and speech. These images appeal to the emotions and the reader empathizes with the boy who is being denied these rights. The poem is written in blank verse. This makes the tone of the poem conversational. 1. What is the theme of the poem? (a) disappointment (b) relationships (c) alienation (d) injustice . Why do you think the â€Å"black boy† has dreams and wishes? 3. What does the boy wish according to stanza one (1) of the poem? (a) opportunity to compete (b) recognition and warmth This is a free publication and not intended for resale 12 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry (c) freedom to play (d) to forget his ancestors 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Why does the boy w ish for an opportunity to be educated? Identify two pieces of evidence which show the boy’s feeling of rejection. Identify the lines in which the boy feels that his freedom of movement and speech have been suppressed. Who are the â€Å"torch throwers† and the â€Å"plotters in pyjamas† alluded to in stanza four (4)? What do you think is the tone of the poem? (a) What terrible burden does the boy suffer? (b) What is his attitude to suffering? Theme for English B In the poem â€Å"Theme for English B† the poet deals with a student’s feeling of frustration and disappointment in the society. The thoughts which he expresses on the â€Å"page† echo the issues that confront him in an environment of whites. The mind of the student is confused. Though he was born and bred in a society of white people, and educated in a school among whites, yet he feels a sense of alienation. In the page that he writes, he is justifying his right to acceptance and equality, on the basis that all people share a common natural heritage of instincts, emotions and tastes. He firmly believes that each race impacts on the other and learns from each other. Perhaps he is questioning whether discrimination should give way to harmony among the races. 1. What does the word â€Å"true† in line four (4) -â€Å"Then, it will be true†, imply? (a) authenticity 2. (b) reality (c) credibility (d) integrity Identify the aspects of the student’s life which seem to make the assignment difficult. This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 3. The student’s page would be based on (a) life at the college (b) his instincts and emotions (c) a resolution of the conflicts in his mind (d) the Harlem experience 4. What does the student wish to say by listing the things he likes? 5. What makes the student and the instructor part of each other? 6. According to the student’s page, which of the following statements are True? (a) The page on which the student writes is coloured. (b) Feelings, natural instincts and tastes are manifested by all people. (c) Sometimes whites and coloured cannot tolerate each other. d) All people are not born equal. (e) Each race impacts on the other and learns from each other. 7. Which words best describe the character of the student? impulsive, rational, obstinate, compromising, intelligent, outspoken, unbalanced. The poem is written in Blank Verse form. What does this lend to the style and tone of the poem? 13 8. Test Match Sabina Park 1. What is th e theme of the poem? (a) Fall from glory (b) An exciting cricket match (c) Reflections of a spectator (d) Failed batsmen 2. Which line in the poem tells that the crowd lacked the spirited response to the match? 3. The speaker is critical of the English batting. This is a free publication and not intended for resale 14 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry Quote the lines in support of the criticism. 4. Why is the poet’s rationale for a dull game not convincing even to himself? 5. What is the â€Å"tarnished rosette† which the writer mentions in the last stanza? Why is it tarnished? 6. The tone of the poem is (a) sarcastic (b) formal (c) conversational (d) harsh 7. What does the native language of the folk lend to the poem? 8. In this poem you hear two voices. Whose voices are they? 9. What is meant by the line â€Å"Proudly wearing the rosette of my skin†? 0. What insights do you get of the relationship between the English and the native folk from the expression, â€Å"Eh white bwoy†? Ol’ Higue and Le Loupgarou Many stories of strange supernatural characters derive from the cultural tradition of the folk. These characters form an important part of the folklore brought by the Africans to the West Indies. So me of these have been preserved in narratives and poems. The character to which this poem ‘Ol’ Higue’ alludes is the ‘Soucouyant’ whose mission is to draw blood from human beings. Read the poem. Discuss the following questions. 1. What image of Ol’ Higue does the poet present in stanza one (1)? 2. What complaint does Ol’ Higue make in stanza one (1)? Quote the expressions which support your answer. This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 3. (a) Why would Ol’ Higue be â€Å"Burning like cane fire†? (b) Why does she have to count a thousand grains? 4. Why is the blood of babies attractive to Ol’ Higue? 5. How and when does she perform her â€Å"blood-sucking† task? 6. Give one reason why Ol’ Higue would love women giving birth. 7. Do you consider Ol’ Higue a mysterious character? . What feeling does Ol’ Higue evoke in you as you read the poem? 15 Le loupgarou Read the poem and discuss the following questions based on it. 1. (a) (b) What is the â€Å"curious talk† alluded to in line one (1) of the poem? What does the word â€Å"curious† suggest? 2. Who are the â€Å"greying women†? 3. Why, do you think, Le Brun was â€Å"greeted by slowly shutting jalousies†? 4. Which word describes Le Brun’s dress? 5. What, do you think, is the bargain Le Brun made with the fiends? 6. What was responsible for Le Brun’s ruin? 7. How did people know that le Brun had changed himself into a dog? 8. What literary device is used in line one(1)? â€Å"A curious tale that threaded through the town†. 9. .How do you feel as you read the last two lines of the poem? You will observe that both poems deal with the supernatural. The Soucouyant is the counterpart of the Le Loupgarou. They both make a pact with the devil to engage in mysterious and fiendish dealings. This is a free publication and not intended for resale 16 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry They both are greedy and are ruined through their greed. They both evoke fear in the people around them. Once upon a Time Read the poem and discuss the questions based on it. . What do you think is the theme of the poem? (a) Behavioural patterns in human relationships. (b) Attitudes of people in a modern age. (c) Loss of culture founded on love, sincerity and goodwill. (d) How people lived long ago. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What difference is there in how people laughed long ago and how they laugh now? Give one piece of evidence that sh ows how people deceive others. Why, do you think, that the poet wears different faces in different contexts? Provide evidence to show that the poet is influenced by the behaviour and attitudes of the new age. Does the poet like the changes in behaviour? Give reasons to support your answer. 7. Which of the following best expresses the mood of the poet? (a) melancholy (b) disappointment (c) anger (d) reflection 8. 9. What can you infer about the character of the poet? Which of the following lessons can one learn from this poem? (a) Pattern your lives to please others (b) Appearances are often deceptive This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry (c) Values should change to suit modern living. (d) Be yourself at all times. (e) Honesty, love and consideration should guide your actions. 7 Forgive my Guilt 1. What is the theme of the poem? a) An accident b) A plea for forgiveness c) Two injured birds d) A confused mind 2. 3. 4. 5. What incident is the poet recalling? Where and when did the incident take place? Identify two contrasting images of the birds, before and after the incident occurred. Select images that appeal to the sense of (a) sight (b) sound Explain each and say whether it is appropriate or not. 6. Identify two similes in the poem. Explain each and say whether it is appropriate or not. 7. 8. 9. What mood does the poem evoke in the reader? What are your feelings towards the poet? State the qualities of the poet which you discern in the poem. To An Athlete Dying Young 1. 2. What is the theme of the poem? What is the intention of the poet? This is a free publication and not intended for resale 18 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Find two expressions in stanza one (1) which indicate the spectator’s response to the athlete’s victory. What does the line â€Å"Townsman of a stiller town† suggest about the athlete? Quote two expressions in stanza three (3) which show the poet’s view on â€Å"glory and laurels†. Why would â€Å"silence† and â€Å"cheers sound the same to the dying athlete? Write T next to the statements that are true. By dying young the athlete’s glory a. died with him. b. is unchallenged on the field. c. does not gain wide acclaim. d. is not worn down by time. e. is suppressed by other runners. 8. The poem best exemplifies a. reflections on the transience of fame and glory. b. a tribute on the demise of a young successful athlete. c. ovation on the victory of a young adult. d. thoughts on life after death. It is the Constant Image of Your Face In this poem, the poet experiences a deep feeling of guilt and remorse. The poet has framed an image of his beloved whose face is constantly before him, while he is engrossed in a world of his own; a world in which thoughts are like knives, hurling accusations at him. These accusations cut deeply into the poet’s consciousness and remind him of his treachery to his native country. Apparently, the poet has left his native home, having been captivated by the beauty and assurances of his beloved. However, deep in his heart he knows that no other love can lay claim to his loyalty but his homeland which is above This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry all other loves. Feelings of remorse and guilt plague the thoughts of the poet. To him, leaving his country is like an act of treason and treachery. Although he prizes his beloved, he pleads for forgiveness from his country whose tenderness matches or surpasses that of the beloved. 1. What do you think is the theme of the poem? (a) The guilt and remorse of a poet (b) Alienation from one’s own country (c) The poet’s love and loyalty for his native country 2. Describe the mood which the poet experiences throughout the poem. Give suitable quotations in support of your answer. a) Select one image in the poem. (b) To which sense does it appeal? (c) Explain its importance in the poem. 4. (a) What is the meaning of â€Å"my world of knives†? (b) What effect does this world have on the poet? 5. 6. Quote two expressions which show that the poet’s love for his country surpasses all other loves. What qualities of the poet’ s character are revealed in the poem? 19 3. West Indies, U. S. A. In this poem, the poet records his impressions of the Islands from a view, thirty thousand feet above. He sees some of the islands as more prominent than others. Some are more culturally and economically developed as can be seen in his impression of Puerto Rico, with â€Å"silver linings in the clouds† and the glitter of San Juan. But to him, each country has its own distinctive features and characteristics, which are highlighted at its terminal. Against these islands, the poet sees the influence of the United States on Puerto Rico: he sees Puerto Rico as a representation of the United States – â€Å"America’s backyard†. Stringent laws are enforced at its terminal to prevent passengers This is a free publication and not intended for resale 20 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry from entering without legal documentation. The fear of foreigners who sneak into the island and tarnish the image of the land is well noted by the poet. He notes the influence of American culture and lifestyle in Puerto Rico. The glitter of the cities pulsating with life is well captured in the â€Å"polished Cadillacs† and â€Å"Micro chips†. 1. What is the theme of the poem? 2. (a) Select the simile in the first two lines of the poem. (b) Explain why the poet makes the comparison, (c) Do you find it interesting and original? Why? 3. What is the distinctive feature of each of the following terminals? a) Port au Prince (b) Piarco (c) Vere Bird 4. Why are all passengers other than those embarking at San Juan, required to stay on the plane? 5. What do you think is â€Å"that vaunted sanctuary†? Why is it considered a vaunted sanctuary? 6. Select three pieces of evidence which show America’s influence on the lifestyle of Puerto Rico. 7. What do you think is the mood of the poem? 8. What is the tone of the poet? Composed Upon Westminster Bridge The poet records his impressions of the scene at early dawn when no mechanized activity is going on and the air is clean and devoid of smoke. He is touched by the beauty and splendour of the city. Only those whose souls are dull would not be touched by the awe-inspiring scene; the greatness is majestic. All objects natural or otherwise are now visible because of the glitter of the morning sun which spreads over the landscape. Never before has the poet witnessed such beauty which the splendour of the sun radiates over valley, rock or hills. Not only is the beauty enchanting, but also the peace and calm which the scene has on the mind of the poet: In such an atmosphere even the houses seem asleep and all is still. In the scene there is no activity. The air is smokeless because the truckers have This is a free publication and not intended for resale Understanding and Appreciating Poetry not started to pour their emissions into the atmosphere. The poet is deeply impressed and stunned at the calm and beauty of the morning. His exclamation, â€Å"Dear God! † tells us that his response has reached spiritual and divine dimension. 21 1. What is the theme of the poem? 2. Where and when is the experience taking place? 3. What is the mood of the poet? 4. Select the figure of speech in the first five lines of the poem. With what does the poet compare the city? 5. Why is the air smokeless? 6. Select lines which show that there is an absence of noise in the scene. 7. What does the poet mean by â€Å"the very houses seem asleep†? 8. From the poet’s impressions of the scene, what can you tell of his character? 9. Do you like the poem? Give reasons to support your answer. A Contemplation Upon Flowers The poet sees in the flowers a calm and willing acceptance of death – brave and harmless, humble and modest, the flowers are born of the earth and to the earth they return with no resistance. Unlike the poet, the flowers subject themselves to the natural order and pattern of the universe. They bloom in a particular season and then fall to earth. The poet wishes his life to be perpetually in spring for he fears the winter, the harbinger of death. His pride, vanity and fear make him unwilling to succumb to death. However, the poet longs to be like the flowers, to smile and look cheerfully at death. He needs to accept death without fear and to make peace with the inevitable. The wreaths of flowers brighten and sweeten the atmosphere in times of death. The poet wishes to be like the flowers, that his breath will sweeten and perfume his death. Enslaved by pride, vanity and fear, the poet struggles to come to terms with the experience of death. This is a free publication and not intended for resale 22 Understanding and Appreciating Poetry The poet represents humanity in his fear of death. The flowers represent Nature and its willing acceptance of death. 1. What do you think is the theme of the poem? 1. Select the qualities in the flowers that the poet admires. 3. What does the expression â€Å"that I could gallant it like you† mean? . â€Å"Embroidered garments† suggest (a) the flowers are very beautiful (b) even the most beautiful are subject to death (c) Nature produces colorful things (d) the petals of the flowers are adorned with a pattern 5. Why does the poet wish his life would be always spring? 6. What two lessons can the flowers teach the poet? 7. What makes it difficult for the poet to accept death? 8. The word which best describes the mood of the poet is (a) joyful (b) sorrowful (c) pensive (d) angry This is a free publication and not intended for resale How to cite Understanding Poetry, Essay examples

Different Types of Gothic Horror free essay sample

SnatchersIn â€Å"The Judge’s House† written by Bram Stoker, the story takes place at an evil judge’s house that has hanged people, and a student named Malcomson is just staying there for a few days despite being warned not to. Strange occurrences begin with rats disturbing Malcomson while he is staying there but particularly a rat with red eyes sticks out to him. The rat with the red eyes would be in a hole behind a painting of the judge that is hung in the house, and sit in the same position as the judge in the painting. Little did Malcomson know those would be his last days alive since evil never fully dies. The judge comes back to life through the painting to hang Malcomson just like the others before him. Throughout â€Å"The Judge’s House† the four elements of Gothic Horror that occur are repetition, the double, menacing other, and transformation. All these elements contribute to my own interpretation of the story that evil never truly dies. The first element is repetition when the rats, and the rope keep repeating actions. In the beginning he finds out later by looking at the room closely there are rats in the walls: â€Å"Here and there as he went round he saw some crack or hole blocked for a moment by the face of a rat with bright eyes glittering in the light† of his lamp. What impresses him most, however, is the â€Å"great alarm bell on the roof†(Stoker 1) Even the narrator says, â€Å"This evening the scampering of the rats began earlier; indeed it had been going on before his arrival, and only ceased whilst his presence by its freshness disturbed them†¦Tonight the rats disturbed him more†(Stoker 2). One specific rat with red eyes repeats disturbing the Malcomson, and goes up the rope. That evening, the rats’ commotion and noise is greater than it had been the other night. Just like the other night, the rats later become suddenly silent and the red enormous rat disturbs Malcomson by staring at him again, â€Å"with baleful eyes,† from the â€Å"old high-backed carved oak chair beside the fireplace†(Stoker 2). The student throws one of his math textbooks since he was studying at the time the rodent disturbs him, but it doesn’t go away. The next night the sound of the rats again ends, Malcolmson looks up to see the huge rat again, throws several books at it, and finally makes it go away. After the rodent has left, Malcolmson sees, through a hole in one of the paintings on the wall. Examining which books he threw at the rat to identify which textbook makes the rat leave, he sees that it was none of his math textbooks, but a holy book: â€Å"Now for the book that fetched him! † Malcolmson took it up and looked at it. As he did he started, and a sudden pallor overspread his face. He looked around uneasily and shivered slightly, as he murmured to himself: â€Å"The Bible my mother gave me! What an odd coincidence† (Stoker 4). After Malcolmson visits a local physician he starts thinking about who must have been hung based on the judge’s orders again for another night a repetition of the rat with the red eyes bothering him , â€Å"glaring at him steadily. † It swiftly retreats, stirring the other rats in hiding to commotion. sees the enormous rat â€Å"in the Judge’s arm-chair, with the rope hanging behind,† staring at the student â€Å"with the Judge’s baleful eyes, now intensified and with a fiendish glare†(Stoker 5). The rat is constantly repeating the same actions each night to Malcomson. The rat stays there such as bothering him, and sitting in the same position as the judge in the painting giving the same evil look. The rat with the beady red eyes being the judge represents the second element of the double and the third element of the menacing other. The rat is the double of the judge as Malcolmson shows in the end when the transformation occurs, the rat has been a double all along. The rat, and the judge are the menacing other just looking to see what evil things to do to Malcomson. The double, and the menacing other are connected since you couldn’t have one without the other the rat, and the judge need to be a double in order to be an menacing other. From the beginning the rat being a double of the judge shows by it being the most enormous rat, all the other rats are afraid, he has the same eyes of the judge, and sits in the same position on the chair. The rat is linked to the judge, for the stare of the rat Malcolmson imagines the gaze of the judge after seeing the painting of him. The rat being a double makes it be a menacing other by constantly repeating the same behavior to bother Malcomson every night, such as sitting in the same position and watching him. Lastly the element of transformation is shown at the end when the judge appears from the painting. As Malcomson sees that the painting is a portrait of the hanging judge, whose â€Å"face was strong and merciless, evil, crafty, and vindictive, with a sensual mouth, a hooked nose of ruddy colour, and shaped like the beak of a bird of prey†(Stoker 6). The rest of the face was a cadaverous colour,† and â€Å"the eyes were of peculiar brilliance and with a terribly malignant expression. † The eyes disturb Malcolm, for, in them, he sees â€Å"the very counterpart to the eyes of the great rat†(Stoker 6). They eyes of the great rat finally connect the pieces that the rat is the judge showing the last phase of the transformation leading to Malcolmson death. As the narrator says, â€Å" From the painting, the judge now occupies the rooms â€Å"great high-backed carved oak chair† and wears his judicial robes and â€Å"a black cap,† which he dons at the stroke of midnight. Rising from his chair, the judge retrieves the severed rope, fashioning one of its ends into a noose†(Stoker 6). In the final scene the hanging of Malcomson occurs by the judge all he wants is the death of anyone in his house, and he is happy about it since when he returns to the picture he is smiling. The narrator says, There at the end of the rope of the great alarm bell hung the body of the student, and on the face of the Judge in the picture was a malignant smile (Stoker 7). Evil never dies is the interpretation that the story means personally to myself. The judge is an evil figure, and even though he has died, he still contains power to kill. As we can see from the constant repetition of the red eyed rat actions even from the beginning the judge is up to something since he disturbs the student, and just already has evil features in the rat form. The double being the rat being another form of the judge shows he continues to live, and won’t ever die since all his evil even goes into his rat form. The transformation fully shows that evilness will find a way to come back to life to continue their ways. As seen in the ending of the story the judge takes Malcomson’s life by hanging him as he has done too many others. The judge is so full of evil that he will never die, and he will continue to kill anyone that enters his house. â€Å"The Judge’s House† shows the three element of gothic horror starting with repetition, the double, menacing other, and transformation. The repetition being with the rats running out every night to disturb the narrator. The double being how the rat, and the judge are the same Lastly the transformation of the judge coming out of the painting, and killing the narrator with the rope by hanging him. All these elements contribute to my own personal interpretation that evil never fully dies. The judge is truly evil, and uses the painting as his way to contribute his evil ways, and to keep hanging as many people as he wants that enter his house. Elements of Horrors: â€Å"Dracula’s Guest† In the story â€Å"Dracula’s Guest† written by Bram Stoker there are three elements of gothic horror are seen throughout the entire story. The story is about basically a guest of Dracula’s that get lost in the woods after trying to be adventurous. The first element that is seen in the story is the use of extravagant language when un named narrator is speaking to other people. They also were using a foreign language during the story. The foreign text used is, Johann answered with an emphatic, Ja, mein Herr,†¦ He crossed himself, as he answered laconically: Walpurgis nacht (Stoker 1). The second element is the remote location since the narrator gets lost in the dark, cold night. The narrator doesn’t even know where he is at after the carriage leaves him. The narrator says, â€Å"As I looked there came a cold shiver in the air, and the snow began to fall. I thought of the miles and miles of bleak country I had passed, and then hurried on to seek shelter of the wood in front. Darker and darker grew the sky, and faster and heavier fell the snow, till the earth before and around me was a glistening white carpet† (Stoker 5). The narrator has to continue walking to find some place for shelter which was a tomb but a hailstorm hits that makes him go unconscious in the remote location. The third element is the uncanny because of the werewolf protecting the narrator and keeping him warm. As the story says, â€Å"Look at his throat! See comrades, the wolf has been lying on him and keeping his blood warm. The officer looked at my throat and replied, He is all right, and the skin is not pierced. What does it all mean? We should never have found him but for the yelping of the wolf. (Stoker 4). â€Å"Dracula’s Guest† shows all three elements from extravagant language, remote location, to the uncanny. The extravagant language being used throughout the story, and the remote location since we don’t know exactly where the narrator is at. The uncanny being the presence of a were wolf protecting the narrator. Elements of Horrors: â€Å"Canon Alberie’s Scrapbook† In M. R. James story â€Å" Canon Alberic’s Scrapbook† three elements of gothic horror are seen throughout the story. The story starts with Dennistoun being in a church, and there he meets one of the religious people of the church, and goes back to his home. There he meets the daughter, and sees a book by Canon Alberie he decides to buy it from them but they seem to be happy for the book to be gone. Before he leaves the house the daughter offers him a cross, and after that strange things happens when he removes the cross. The first element that is shown is the acuteness of senses when Dennistoun encounters the demon from the book. He describes the demon as â€Å"He flew out of his chair with deadly, inconceivable terror clutching at his heart. There was black and tattered drapery about it; the coarse hair covered it as in the drawing. The lower jaw was thin what can I call it? shallow, like a beasts; teeth showed behind the black lips; there was no nose; the eyes, of a fiery yellow, against which the pupils showed black and intense, and the exulting hate and thirst to destroy life† (James 5). The second element is the uncanny such as the book actually being possessed in a sense. The brings the demon to life, and harms whoever has the book in there possession. It makes sense why the man, and the daughter is more than willing to sell the book. The last element is the menacing other which is the demon from the book since it seems like it wants to cause harm, and possibly kill Dennistoun. After he removes the cross Dennistoun feels strange then he sees the demon in the picture there as it lunges for him. The demon is the menacing other as it tries to cause the death or great harm to Dennistoun. â€Å"Canon Alberic’s Scrapbook† greatly shows these three elements of gothic horror. First being the acuteness of senses, the uncanny, and the menacing other. The acuteness of senses being how Dennistoun sees the demon, and feels. The uncanny being that the book is possessed, and wants to do harm. Lastly the menacing other is being the demon itself for trying to cause harm to Dennistoun. Elements of Horrors: â€Å"The Body snatcher† In the story â€Å"The Body snatcher† written by Robert Louis Stevenson throughout the story three elements of gothic horror is seen. The story is a re telling of two grave robbers MacFarlane and Fettes that would get bodies for a doctor both of them were medical students. Fettes is re telling the story t a group of friends but still seems traumatized by the events that occurred earlier in his life. The first element that shows in the story is the acuteness of sense when Stevenson is describing the body snatchers doing the work of getting the bodies. Also describing how Fettes feels intimidated by MacFarlane since he is basically threatened that if he says anything he might be the next body he uses. Another element of gothic horror is the uncanny which is seen at the end when the body turns out to be the wrong person. Fettes describes the finding of the wrong body as lamp fell, broke, and was extinguished; and the horse, terrified by this unusual commotion, bounded and went off toward Edinburgh at a gallop, bearing along with it, sole occupant of the gig, the body of the dead and long-dissected Gray†( Stevenson 4). The body of the woman is no where to be found but somehow the body of the person MacFarlane most likely killed in the beginning has suddenly appeared. The last element is the remote location the body snatchers never disclose exactly were they are going for the bodies. All the reader knows is that they collect the bodies at night at a grave sight. The body snatchers are very secretive about their work that everything is done that the story gives a mysterious edge about not knowing where they are. In the body snatcher the three elements of gothic horror is seen throughout the story such as acuteness of senses, the uncanny and remote location. The acuteness of senses, and the uncanny being when the body turns out to be the wrong person. The last being the constant remote locations that the body snatchers are in.